Rosencrantz And Pumbaa Comparison - 1081 Words

When contrasting the characters in William Shakespeares Hamlet to Disney’s The Lion King, they are different. Hamlet is a play about Hamlet trying to get revenge on his uncle for killing his father. The Lion King is a movie about a lion who runs away from his fathers death and comes back to save the kingdom from his evil uncle. When specifically looking at Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, and Timon and Pumbaa they are different in that Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are greedy, untrustworthy, and uncaring, while timon and Pumbaa are the opposite. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, and Timon and Pumbaa are very different, one difference is one pair is greedy while the other is selfless. One example of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern being greedy is†¦show more content†¦A quote that proves Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are untrustworthy is â€Å"He does confess he feels himself distracted,/ But from what cause he will by no means speak† (III.I.5-6). This quote proves they are untrustworthy because they are talking to the King and Queen about what Hamlet has said. The constantly repeat things Hamlet has said to the King and Queen like puppets. By doing this they break the trust they have built and they don’t care. Hamlet probably expected that they would keep the information between them however when they don’t it gives them a deceitful appearance. In contrast, Timon and Pumbaa are very reliable, for instance they put themselves in danger for Simba when they dress in hula outfits to cause a distraction. They did this because they knew they should do it as good friends to Simba, even though it puts them in harms way. They want was is best for Simba and that is to help get rid of Scar. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are giving information to the King and Queen that they know Hamlet wouldn’t want them to say, betraying their friendship, while Timon and Pumbaa are there for Simbaa helping their friend out with whatever he may need. As you c an tell Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are very untrustworthy while Timon and Pumbaa are very reliable. One last difference between Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, and Timon and Pumbaa is that one pair is uncaring especially when it comes to their friendships and the other is caring. You canShow MoreRelatedEssay on Comparing Shakespeares Hamlet and the Movie, The Lion King2183 Words   |  9 Pageshimself, William Shakespeare. The work that Disneys TLK parallels is none other than Hamlet: Prince of Denmark, and the film shadows this work so closely, that parallels between the main characters themselves are wildly apparent. This very close comparison has led critics to compare the movie to Hamlet in the importance of its themes (Schwalm 1). But with a closer inspection of the characters themselves do we see just how apparent these similarities are. In The Lion King, the role of the youngRead MoreLion King and Hamlet - Compare and Contrast1038 Words   |  5 Pagesare determined to move on and put what has happened in the past. Timon and Pumbaa are the crazy best friends that Simba meets after he leaves the pride. They devote themselves and their lives to being happy and worry-free days through the saying â€Å"hakuna matata†. When they stumble upon Simba, they take him under their wing and exposing him to things he’s never experienced within a royal yet stressful family. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are the close friends of Hamlet that end up betraying his friendshipRead MoreHamlet in Comparison to the Lion King Essay1255 Words   |  6 PagesLaertes, the henchman and right-hand man of Claudius, becomes, in the movie, the Hyenas. The Hyenas collectively act as hero-worshippers to Scar, loyal subjects, and fellow doers-in-evil. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are the comic reliefs in Hamlet, and in the Lion King, this role is fulfilled by Timon and Pumbaa. The main character in The Lion King is Simba. Simba is quite similar to Hamlet in that both are sons of the wrongfully murdered kings. Both princes delay their decisions to seek vengeanceRead MoreComparative Analysis: Hamlet and the Lion King1828 Words   |  8 Pagesbegins to seek more evidence on Claudius and his betrayal towards his brother. Hamlet enters into a deep melancholy and appears to be in madness, which makes Claudius and Gertrude worry about his erratic behavior. They employ Hamlet’s friends, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to watch over him and to discover the cause of his madness. While on the other hand the arrogant Lord Chamberlain, Polonius suggests that Hamlet may have become mad in love for his daughter Ophelia. However, Hamlet insults OpheliaRead MoreSimilarities of The Lion King and Hamlet Essay1956 Words   |  8 Pageschildren can only justify the death of one villain at the end, and further, cannot leave a villain unpunished. Punishment is critical t o the establishment of a clear moral in childrens stories. This also means that the Rosencrantz and Guildenstern counterparts, the hedonistic Timon and Pumbaa, cannot be traitorous, but are added to the story purely for the comic relief. They could also at times be seen as counterparts to the gravedigging clowns of Act 5 Scene 1, arguing, teasing each other, using foreign

Eight phases of moon Free Essays

The side of the moon that is facing the Earth is not lit up by the sun. At this time the moon is not visible. Phase 2 – Waxing Crescent – A small part (less than 1/2) of the moon is lit up at this point. We will write a custom essay sample on Eight phases of moon or any similar topic only for you Order Now The part that is lit up is slowly getting bigger. Phase 3 – First Quarter – One half of the moon is lit up by the sun at this point. The part that is lit up is slowly getting bigger. Phase 4 – Waxing Gibbous – At this time half of the moon is lit up. The part that is lit is slowly getting bigger. Waxing means to slowly get bigger. Phase 5 – Full Moon – The side of the moon that is lit up by the sun is facing the Earth. The entire moon is lit up at this point. Phase 6 – Waning Gibbous – The moon is not quite lit up all the way by sunlight. The part of the moon this is lit is slowly getting smaller. Waning means to slowly get maller. Phase 7 – Last Quarter – Half of the moon is lit up but the sun. The part that we can see lit up is slowly getting smaller. Phase 8 – Waning Crescent – A small part of the moon is lit up at this point. It is getting smaller by the minute. Did you know that a full moon can happen twice in one month? When this happens, the second full moon of the month is called a Blue Moon! eight phases of moon By tongietobes How to cite Eight phases of moon, Papers

Business Ethics Leadership Virtues Exposed

Question: Discuss the concept of Institutionalization and how it helps shape ethical conduct within an organization discussed in the case study. Discuss the importance of Ethical Leadership and Corporate Governance. What impact do they have on ensuring ethical conduct within organisations? Answer: Introduction According to the case study, Best buy is no longer in the business or in the other brands which are already established. The Best Buy Company is a famous company, and their name is known by most of the people. This Best Buy Company is famous within the United States and also outside the country. Throughout the United States, this retailer of an electronic item that is the Best Buy Company is the largest retailer who is specialized in electronic sector. Along with their high quality and discounted products, the Best Buy Company becomes famous (Bellingham, 2003). The Best Buy Company accepts some systems and programs which give them the flexibility to perform their work and also help their employees (Shapiro Stefkovich, 2000). As a result, the Best Buy Company has been awarded their employees with several honors about the initiatives of social and corporate responsibility which also include Ethispheres Worlds Most Ethical Companies and Forbes Americas Most Reputable Companies. In this given case study, it gives a short explanation about the history of the Best Buy Company. It also gives a clear idea about their expansion and the techniques which are used by them to become a successful retailer in the electronic field. For over 40years of the Best Buy Company, it has gone through several numbers of changes in their models, procedures, techniques, etc. throughout these 40 years. Richard Schulze is the founder of the Best Buy Company. Richard Schulze joined the job as a representative of a consumer-electronics manufacturer. Richard Schulze identified a demand which arises between the young-aged consumers for the products like audio equipment (Draft 2nd edition of the Tri-Council policy statement, 2008). For this reason, in the year of 1966, Richard Schulze opens a store specially for selling the audio equipment which is known as "Sound of Music in the Twin Cities (Minnesota) area." After one year, the Best Buy Company obtained the Kencraft Hi-Fi Company. Within nex t few years, the company gets developed and flourished and also reach an amount of $1 million as their yearly revenue in the year of 1970. The main target customer of the Best Buy Company is the young generation specially the college students. This is because, among the customers like a college student, they have a high range of demand about these audio or music equipment (Mendonca Kanungo, 2007). The Best Buy Company also operates their business in several places or areas outside the United States for example; the Best Buy Company also has their stores in Mexico and Canada. Main Body 1. The first part of the assignment accounts for a conceptual structure of the organization Best Buy to analyze, understand and identify how business people create the ethical decision making. Best Buy companies employees and the operations are subject to the rules of other countries and also jurisdictions throughout the world (Mallin, 2004). By taking significant initiatives to improve the sustainability quotient of the company, thus the company can do business sustainably and can provide maximum focus on the core business activities of the company thus able to gain competitive advantages. Agents and the employee's acts on the behalf of the organization Best Buy expected to fulfill by the code, and all are also applicable regulations, laws, and the rules. The business ethics of a company which helps to provide a broader range of detail information related to the organization. The main aim of the firm ethics needs to be revised with the support of the innovative examples and also sur vey the results to analysis the problems and concerns importance or the significance for the business ethics of Best Buy Company. Corporate governance, social responsibility, and the stakeholder relationships have been updated and recognized significantly with newly issues and examples. Ethical conduct or the ethical problems and the institutionalization are one of the business ethics, and it provides a subject matter to identify the ethical issues and also understand how the civilization by the legal system also attempted to keep the companies responsible for managing these problems (Solomon Solomon, 2004). The institutionalization business ethics examines the main core elements, or the best practices include the day to day besides regulation and legislation requirements which follow the business ethics initiative. 2. The company or the firm appointed more consumers and the employees that they can easily manage and also balanced in this proper way (Liu, 2015). The organization has already taken different steps in environment building now a day's worlds business is facing various types of ethical challenges. Moreover, there are multiple paths using the organization has begun interacting with the potential customers and buyers also. There are several stakeholders in the market related to this business. It starts with government, consumers, society, environment, shareholders and the customers. Business is firmly linked to this aspect. The Best Buy Company adopts two types of factors by following which they achieve a huge success in this field. Those two factors are sustainable outreach and customer-centered approach. The Best Buy Company incorporate a recycling program which spread throughout the United States after understanding and become conscious about the significance of sustainability toward s their customers. In this particular process which is known as the recycling program, the Best Buy Company itself earned a name and famous as a company which is socially responsible. 3. This is the correct fact that why the organization's environment became complicated. However, since the right profile or the name of the group or the firm spreads which provides the competitive edge to the team between the competitors (Mesa Graziano, 2002). Conversely, the customers need to buy willingly from the Best Buy Company than another retailer. But now a day shareholders want the better presentation as for this reason the share costs arises still, and the organization needs to provide more dividends. Today the customers want better and cheap quality goods either it is electronics products or the others. So, the government needs to compliance with the rules and tax more strictly, over all of the organization or the firm requires more responsive and responsible to the individuals as a whole (D'Adda, Darai, Weber, 2014). This is one of the reasons that are why the ethical problems arise towards the business and also the Best Buy organization fights against electronics produc ts or the goods. This scenario of the group's chief ethics officer whose name is Kathleen Edmond confirmed the importance and significance to communicate the organization when she formed the chief ethics officer Blog for the workers to view. Best Buy started to investigate the pricing strategies of other competitive companies, the aiming of a young demographic and internal expansion for maintaining their competitive advantages or benefits against their rivalries or competitors those who are also specialized in this electronic sector. Edmond used the cases of the unethical situations which took the position within the organization according to learn the employees or the workers about the ethical conduct. Her actions caused her to be Ethisphere listed that creates most influential the public in the Business Ethics in the year of 2009 (Standards of ethical conduct for employees of the executive branch, 2002). 4. At the organization Best Buy demonstrate the ethics by living the values like integrity and humility, show respect, learn from change and challenge, unleash the power of the public, and have fun that being the best. This also indicates the ethical values in our day to day life and also the interactions with the people such as shareholders, customers, communities and the competitors, business partners and also play and life. This also means the business decisions are not about the reward or the financial risk. In this scenario, we must follow to measure the consequences of the actions on the environment, people and communities also (Bischak Woiceshyn, 2015). This also means and need to be report any types of illegal violations or the conduct of the Business ethics code to a proper Best Buy Company representative, no exceptions, immediately and every time. To manage and control other people the primary role plays in this scenario is to maintain the ethical culture which is very cri tical. Managers of the organization Best Buy who receives the reports of unethical conduct or possible illegal are needed to take such immediate action by the authority. When the ethical conduct or the institutionalization comes then it arise a concern, it assists the Best Buy organizations correct identifies and the problems or the issues which probably required additional or improvement the training. It also tries to improve and assess the ethical awareness level that is important to achieve the goal of the organizations value (Starratt, 2004). Best Buys company devoted ethics website is available in 24*7 hours and also operated by a third party which one is independent. It need to help the Best Buy organization to resolve the problems online and also serves their contact information to form a report by telecom or the mobile phones. Moreover, the organization needs to need to enjoy the good in their future aspects. Best Buy is a customer electronic retailer that has captured the m arket 21% share in the U.S. In this given case study, an explanation is given about the issues related to the corporate governance. This corporate governance creates a difference between two mechanisms of ethical and legal compliances. For the last 20 years, the corporate governance has to pay attention and concerned about the dealings of the public interest for the reason of its perceptible and visible significance for the financial health of the organization or the company and the society also (Kim Nofsinger, 2007). The effective approaches for instilling integrity and ethics and also the utilization of codes of conduct are the chief elements which ensure a better management control and corporate governance. Leaders those who lead their team by following ethical values and ethics are considered as a role model. When a leaders work ethically, then he or she should communicate the significance of the ethical standards, significantly and importantly designing the working environment where others can perform the ir work and also can live and by the help of those ethical standards they can hold their employee's accounts which are liable to that standards (Olivier, 2012). According to the explanation of the case study, the leader who follows ethical leadership can also provide positive outputs in return for their jobs. They can also decrease the risk level of several negative outputs. That is why; Leadership is the chief and essential lever in an ethical system which is designed to give support to the ethical conduct. In recent days, the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become a buzzing word in the business. The ethical leadership and the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) are increases for just managing the ordinary daily tasks or jobs of the company which is performed by them every day. Corporate governance is a holistic concept which is concerned and aware of the company and also makes sure that the entire processes of the business and all the policies and strategies are sound ethically (Corporate governance, 2004). A responsible corporate citizenship involves an ethical relationship between the society and the company where it operates. Best Buy started to investigate the pricing strategies of other competitive companies, the aiming of a young demographic and internal expansion for maintaining their competitive advantages or benefits against their rivalries or competitors those who are also specialized in this electronic sector. Leaders those who lead their team and work ethically then he or she should communicate the significance of the ethical standards, significantly and importantly designing the working environment where others can perform their work and also can live and by the help of those ethical standards they can hold their employee's accounts which are liable to those standards (Dion, 2012). The corporate governance has concerned about the dealings of the public interest which have an impact on the economic condition of the society. The leader s will also consider a wide range of material which is related to the environmental, social and economic dimensions. These factors also have an impact on the company that how wills the processes are performed by the company in that community where it operates or functioned and developed the corporate strategy. 5. Leadership always has a direction. But when leadership takes place without including ethics in it then this leadership is absolutely worthless or valueless and also directionless. A leader always set the direction and helps and guides the people to follow him (Myers, 2015). When a leader try to achieve success then they should take in ethics in their conduct and remain unbiased at the time of dealing with those issues which are arises at the time of performing the job (Hilb, 2005). Leadership is process through which a leader can inspire and motivate a human being or an individual that they can give more effort to perform the job successfully and also achieve a good result. A leader who follows ethical leadership can also provide positive outputs in return for their jobs (Thoms, 2008). They can also decrease the risk level of several negative outputs. That is why; Leadership is the chief and essential lever in an ethical system which is designed to give support to the ethical cond uct. The leaders of the Best Buy Company can also provide a clear idea about their business expansion, tools and the techniques which are used by them to become a successful retailer in the electronic field in the international market. Corporate governance is the path or way through which an organization or a company can determine their policies and strategies itself (Monks Minow, 2004). Corporate governance is a concept which is concerned and aware of the company and also makes sure that the entire processes of the business and all the policies and strategies are sound ethically. The corporate governance has concerned about the dealings of the public interest which have an impact on the economic condition of the society. This corporate governance is a method or procedure by the help of which a company can govern them in such ways like a supreme ruler or self-governing state, instating their policies, laws and customs to their employees from a level of high to low. The Best Buy Com pany started to investigate the pricing strategies of other competitive companies, the aiming of a young demographic and internal expansion for maintaining their competitive advantages or benefits against their rivalries or competitors those who are also specialized in the market of electronics item. Corporate governance have a tendency to increase the rate of accountability of their company and to keep away from gigantic disasters before they take place. Conclusion Best Buy organization is a smaller player in this big field. But it also represents the way to move on and to the rest of the globally that incorporates the organizations from the same area since the organizations from another industry. Now a day almost of the renowned and well-known organizations requires more proactive for the reason of saving the environment. Moreover, the blind rush of the organizations to form the profit has destroyed the environment (Greuning Brajovic Bratanovic, 2000). But the organizations are raised to the top position, so they do something to save our environment. However, the steps have taken by the organization Best Buy reflects the direction that rest of others requires to protect the environment. Best Buy Company has shown how to include the business strategy and CSR for greater products of masses. The organization Best Buy has not made any profits or the benefits through the recycling program but it also tries to sensitize the consumers to save the en vironment globally. Though, it is an association in the supply chain so people can expect that the others in supply chain like suppliers and the manufacturer need to act as a more responsibly. They need to work in the way of sustainable business or the selling environment (Levine, 2013). Best Buy organization continuous efforts in abut of the ethical practices and sustainability earned the position amongst the list of the Ethispheres 2010 as it is the most ethical organizations for the second year in the row. The This here Institute has analysed the company Best Buy, which is a well-known organization that to operate at the highest levels of the business behavior. This also represents that how the respectable this organization has totally become. However, the organizations CSR program becomes a long term investment procedure that is running to profits never just in a short span but for several years to come. References Bellingham, R. (2003).Ethical leadership. Amherst, Mass.: HRD Press. Bischak, D. Woiceshyn, J. (2015). Leadership Virtues Exposed: Ethical Leadership Lessons From Leading in Rock Climbing.Journal Of Leadership Organizational Studies. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548051815617629 Corporate governance. (2004). [Bradford, England]. D'Adda, G., Darai, D., Weber, R. (2014).Do leaders affect ethical conduct?. Munich: CESifo. Dion, M. (2012). Are ethical theories relevant for ethical leadership?.Leadership Organization Development Journal,33(1), 4-24. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437731211193098 Draft 2nd edition of the Tri-Council policy statement. (2008). Ottawa, Ont. Greuning, H. Brajovic Bratanovic, S. (2000).Analyzing banking risk. Washington, D.C.: World Bank. Hilb, M. (2005).New corporate governance. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. Kim, K. Nofsinger, J. (2007).Corporate governance. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Levine, D. (2013).The capacity for ethical conduct. East Sussax: Routledge. Liu, H. (2015). Reimagining ethical leadership as a relational, contextual and political practice.Leadership. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742715015593414 Mallin, C. (2004).Corporate governance. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Mendonca, M. Kanungo, R. (2007).Ethical leadership. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill/Open University Press. Mesa Graziano, C. (2002).Promoting ethical conduct. Morristown, NJ: FEI Research Foundation. Monks, R. Minow, N. (2004).Corporate governance. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Pub. Myers,. (2015). Preparing for Ethical Leadership: A Longitudinal Study.JOLE,14(2). https://dx.doi.org/10.12806/v14/i2/r10 Olivier, A. (2012). How ethical is leadership?.Leadership,8(1), 67-84. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742715011426965 Shapiro, J. Stefkovich, J. (2000).Ethical leadership and decision making in education. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Solomon, J. Solomon, A. (2004).Corporate governance and accountability. New York: John Wiley. Standards of ethical conduct for employees of the executive branch. (2002). Washington, DC. Starratt, R. (2004).Ethical leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Thoms, J. (2008). Ethical Integrity in Leadership and Organizational Moral Culture.Leadership,4(4), 419-442. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742715008095189

What would you consider the most decisive or influential forces to bring down apartheid in South Africa Essay Example Essay Example

What would you consider the most decisive or influential forces to bring down apartheid in South Africa Essay Example Paper What would you consider the most decisive or influential forces to bring down apartheid in South Africa Essay Introduction The dark days of Apartheid finally came to an end in 1990 when the â€Å"Father† of South Africa, Nelson Mandela was released from prison. In many ways it can be argued that the abolishment of apartheid is attributed to Mandela and in part this is true. However, the factors which led to the downfall of the repressive Apartheid regime are not as simple as assigning it to one sole determinant, but a combination and culmination of varying factors. The main influential forces herein discussed can be classed into 3 categories. Firstly, internal pressure from the black protest and its political parties; secondly, the international isolation which enforced economic sanctions and sporting boycotts; and finally, the collapse of communism in the Soviet Union as the cold war relaxed (US Department of State, 2001). As such this essay will briefly outline these main influences which brought down Apartheid and assess which played the most profound part in its demise. The oppressive actions of the government inflicted on the black community were well known before the 1960’s. However, the most prolific years in the anti-apartheid movements occurred after this time in the form of internal resistance from small and isolated groups (Louw, 2004). These groups were unable to join forces due to the lack of knowledge and understanding of the widespread nature of the regimes actions and the fading belief in their freedom, which thus dulled the effect of anti-apartheid movements. What would you consider the most decisive or influential forces to bring down apartheid in South Africa Essay Body Paragraphs The bans issued upon the ANC and other large scale political parties along with their leaders further reinforced the isolation of groups and lack of coordinated â€Å"struggle† (Callinicos, 1994). In an effort to overcome the limitations of this isolated resistance and boost black resistance actions, black consciousness became one of the defining movements. Spearheaded by Steve Biko, this grassroots effort was forged from the political vacuum left from the bans imposed on the large political groups such as the African National Congress (ANC) and Pan African Congress (PAC) (Clark Worger, 2004). Biko intended for this political conscious movement to help black citizens celebrate their â€Å"blackness† and take pride in their blackness as it was an important phase in their own personal liberation (Clark Worger, 2004). In an ideological manner, the movement aimed to help the black community move away from their perception of themselves as second class citizens. Other prom inent leaders of the time included Walter Sisulu and Oliver Tambo. Walter Sisulu was a South African anti-apartheid activist and member of the African National Congress. He was an active member of the ANC and travelled around the world gaining support for the apartheid struggle. Oliver Tambo was also a member of the ANC and worked alongside Sisulu trying to gain political power against apartheid as well as organising protests and riots to convince the South African Government to change (Louw, 2004). These three men as well as many other activists inspired the black communities to take a stand against the biased laws. They inspired and motivated protests such as the Soweto riots, the Vaal Triangle uprising, the Sharpeville Massacre and many other demonstrations (Callinicos, 1994). In undertaking these demonstrations, they fuelled Oliver Tambo’s notion of making Apartheid ungovernable. With so many prolific leaders and large-scale anti-apartheid political groups in action withi n the country, it begs the question as to why the apartheid regime did not collapse at least a decade earlier than it did. One of the reasons is attributed to the fact that there was a lack of centralised and combined ideology and action despite the rise of black violence and belief in their cause. Disagreements existed between the ANC and their ally the United Democratic Front (UDF) and the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) (Callinicos, 1994). The UDF came into existence in 1983 and was an important political party as it was multi-racial (Louw, 2004). Its aims were to unite all non-white resistance groups, and have a stable future under the Freedom Charter it shared with the ANC. Its leaders were people like Archbishop Tutu, Albertina Sisulu, and Winnie Mandela. The IFP on the other hand, run by Mangosuthu Buthelezi advocated the use of nonviolence (Callinicos, 1994) and as such were constantly at odds with the ANC which opened Umkhonto we Sizwe, the specific armed forces aspect of the p arty (South Africa History Online, 1991). The South African police and other supporters of apartheid relished this internal fighting of the resistance groups as it made the black community appear as if they were not ready to rule the country. Supporters of apartheid stated that the blacks were too violent and not willing to accept other people’s views, which is needed if everyone is to live freely in a democratic society. Despite the disagreements which allowed apartheid to continue, the combined effort of large scale demonstrations undertaken by these anti-apartheid groups would serve as a catalyst for international support for the black cause and condemnation against the South African government The decline in power of the Soviet Union as a result of the decay of the Cold War played an integral part in dismantling the apartheid regime. The lack of international exposure and outcry regarding apartheid was largely based upon the need of the western world, namely the U. S for capitalistic gain. As such the relationship between the Cold War and the downfall of Apartheid was the fact that apartheid was only allowed to continue due to the Cold War (US Department of State, 2001). America viewed South Africa as the stronghold of economic wealth and strength within Africa and as such did not want to jeopardize its control over the trade and shipping routes, with it falling under Soviet communist rule. Thus successful international involvement and support in dismantling apartheid was not achieved until the decline of the Soviet Union. The decline of Soviet power also coincided and likely affected the rapid trend of other African nations move toward a democratic and self-determining society. The Western countries no longer feared the influence of Communism on developing African governments and therefore a period of decolonisation within Africa occurred. The fact that countries surrounding South Africa were becoming independent was a poignant factor as it helped make the South African government more vulnerable. By 1980, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Angola, Malawi and Zambia had all become independent and were now hostile towards South Africa and its oppressive measures against the black community (Clark Worger, 2004). This breakdown in alliance between South Africa and its neighbouring countries meant that South Africa was no longer able to dictate and retain its economic ‘strangle hold’ on the other nations. In addition the goods such as gold, diamonds and other minerals, which South Africa supplied to the rest of the world were instead produced by the neighbouring independent nations (Clark Worger, 2004). This meant that the international countries were still able to receive the majority of the products which they usually would have received while still able to enact economic sanctions upon the apartheid regime. International intervention was received at the earliest known date in 1962 by the United Nations which invoked trading boycotts with the intent of trying to get the government to reverse the policy of Apartheid. This was the first step that the international countries took to try and make an end of Apartheid. However trading boycotts proved to be ineffective with the country’s wealth of diamond and gold. The boycotts initiated by the UN in 1962 were in response to the massacre in Sharpeville which occurred in 1960 (BBC World Service, 2014). The importance of this event within the context of the demise of apartheid isn’t the death and injured toll but rather the marking of a turning point in the South African history. The event canon balled the apartheid regime onto centre stage on an international level and became the beginning of the country’s increasing isolation from the international community. South Africa was also facing anti-apartheid governments in other nations. The Swedish government, who were strongly opposed to apartheid, supported and donated money to groups within South Africa against apartheid. The British Anti-Apartheid Movement however, instead of donating money, demonstrated their disapproval through sanctions on the sporting competitions between Britain and South Africa (Keech, Houlihan, 1999). They banned South Africa from the 1964 Olympics and stopped cricket and rugby matches between the nations. Investment was another potent casualty suffered as a result of the economic sanction. Many western businesses notably Coca-Cola, began to pull out from the South African markets as they became hesitant on the amount of their profits. Foreign banks such as the Barclays Bank based in South Africa declined to extend loans and began to pull out of the country, heavily affecting the economy (Hirsch, 1989). The trade embargoes also greatly affected the economy as South Africa was not getting any of the vital supplies which they needed and the excess products which they made were going to waste as their primary consumers (western countries) refused to buy these products. Therefore, South African companies had no money with which to pay their workers causing an increase of black unemployment and poverty and a decrease in white incomes as well as a raise in their taxes. Consequently, protests began in South Africa. The financial crisis in 1985 was a direct cause of these imposed sanctions (Hirsch, 1989). The crisis initiated the drop of the Rand and sent the government to declare a state of emergency (Hirsch, 1989). Such an increase in international condemnation and internal demonstrations created an anarchic society thereby forcing the population to believe that it was time for change in South Africa. As evidenced above, the importance of international support and intervention cannot be understated. The boycotts and economic sanctions imposed against the apartheid regime can be seen to be more of an influential force that finally triggered wholesale changes to occur within the country. Yet the most decisive factor behind the fa ll of apartheid was the opposition within the country from black movements. Their protest and other demonstrations, which at times ended with hundreds dead and thousands more injured, drastically eroded the regime and created doubts within the white faction about their system. Intrinsically the efforts by anti-apartheid groups within the country was a double-edged sword that forced the western world to take notice and intervene. 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Favorite Quotes from Old Yeller (1956) by Fred Gipson

Favorite Quotes from 'Old Yeller' (1956) by Fred Gipson Old Yeller  (1956) is a beloved childrens novel about a boy, Travis Coates, and his heroic dog, Old Yeller. The novel is a Newbery Honor book (1957) and won many awards over the following decade. It is the work for which author Fred Gipson is best known, and Disney successfully adapted the story to the big screen. Below, we list some of the most significant quotes, as well as our personal favorites, from this short but powerful novel.  Ã‚   Quotes from the Classic Childrens Novel  Old Yeller He made me so mad at first that I wanted to kill him. Then, later, when I had to kill him, it was like having to shoot some of my own folks. Thats how much Id come to think of the big yeller dog.  - Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 1Still, they needed money, and they realized that whatever a man does, hes bound to take some risks.  - Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 1He was a big ugly, slick-haired yeller dog. One short ear had been chewed clear off and his tail had been bobbed so close to his rump that there was hardly stub enough left to wag.  - Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 2 Now, Travis, Mama said. Youre not being fair. You had a dog when you were little, but Arliss has never had one. Hes too little for you to play with, and he gets lonely.   - Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 2 Arliss! I yelled at Little Arliss. You get that nasty old dog out of our drinking water! - Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 3I knew then that I loved him as much as I did Mama and Papa, maybe in some ways even a little bit more.  - Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 6 After all that, I guess you can see why I nearly died when a man rode up one day and claimed Old Yeller.  - Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 7Shoot anything that acts unnatural, and dont fool around about it. Its too late after theyve already bitten or scratched you.  - Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 8A boy, before he really grows up, is pretty much like a wild animal. He can get the wits scared clear out of him today and by tomorrow have forgotten all about it.  - Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 9But we were too smart, Old Yeller and I.  - Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 9I reached in and let him lick my hand. Yeller, I said, Ill be back. Im promising that Ill be back.   - Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 10Papa had left me to look after things. But now I was laid up, and here was a girl handling my work about as good as I could.  - Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 13It was a good thing for us, Son; but it wasnt good for Old Yeller.  - Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chap ter 15 That was rough, he said. That was as rough a thing as I ever heard tell of happening to a boy. And Im mighty proud to learn how my boy stood up to it. You couldnt ask any more of a grown man.   - Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 16

Bureaucracy in the Philippines - Book Review

Book Review The Bureaucracy in the Philippines Dr. Onofre D. Corpuz - Institute of Public Administration: University of the Philippines, 1957. 268 pp. This book is about the administrative history of the bureaucracy in the Philippines. It spans from the 1560’s when Spain undertook to administer the affairs of the natives of the archipelago to the 1950’s when the Filipinos assumed the responsibility of self-government.The author presented the significant phases in the evolution of our administrative apparatus to identify the important characteristics of the current form and functions of the civil service of the Philippine government. In Chapter 1, Dr. Corpuz described the native life of the inhabitants before the arrival of the Spaniards. These inhabitants were not strangers to progress and civilization. Although the pre-Spanish Filipinos were in a state of cultural maturity, it was maturity at a low level.It was a stage of cultural inadequacy based on an old and simple framework. The author briefly discussed the transition of the Philippine bureaucracy from the time that we’re still a colony of foreign nations to the time that the Philippines became an independent republic. The author reconstructed, in Chapter 2, the setting in which Spain’s colonial bureaucracy appeared around the middle of the 16th century. The author also described how the Spanish colonial government â€Å"organized† the colony in Filipinas.Also discussed was the expedition headed by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi in 21 November 1564, how his peaceful diplomacy won the allegiance of many subjects and the establishment of Manila as a city and Legazpi’s capital. Chapter 3 discussed the two concepts on how bureaucracy may be viewed: (1) as an organization or apparatus; (2) as a collection of individual bureaucrats, placing more emphasis on the 2nd concept of bureaucracy – the realities of bureaucratic behaviour. The chapter is devoted to a study of Spanish bureaucrats. The author also discussed the following: a. how bureaucrats are appointed in Filipinas and in Spain – the processes and criteria involved in obtaining the king’s favor; b. how to acquire/purchase an office where many bureaucrats obtained their positions; c. detailed conditions under which Spanish bureaucrats as a whole lived and worked; and d. ow the administrative organization was centralized in Manila for control and communications purposes. The next two chapters are dedicated in highlighting the essentials of life and service of the highest-ranking bureaucrats – the Presidente-Gobernador (Governor-General), the Oidores, Fiscales, and Reales Oficiales – who constituted the governmental bureaucracy in Manila. The author, in Chapter 4, described the governor-general of Filipinas which had the attributes of a super-bureaucrat.Also discussed, in general, was the performance of the different governor-general appointed in Filipinas and illustrated the conflict between the clergy and the governors and the instability of the governorship – which office was considered as an opportunity for private material profit. Chapter 5 is dedicated to the discussion of the Audiencia of Manila and its bureaucrats and the Royal Officials. The Audiencia performed functions of a superior judicial tribunal; the highest court of justice in the colonies.The author discussed the conditions, restrictions, the legislative and judicial functions and the organizational changes of the office. Also discussed are the functions and conditions of the â€Å"Royal Official† (Reales Oficiales) or the oficial de la real hacienda who are the administrators of the king’s personal estate or the royal hacienda. It should be remembered that the various dominions/colonies in the Indias are considered as the king’s personal property or estate. â€Å"As a monarch, he entrusted the government of his kingdoms and provinces to viceroys, governors-general, and Audiencias.As a proprietor, he entrusted the administration of his estate and revenues to the royal officials. † The structural defects and administrative weakness of the bureaucracy is brought about by the pervasion and corruption of the office of men who only saw the position as a means for private personal gain. In Chapter 6, the author then discussed the conditions, restrictions and all the functions and duties of the provincial government and the provincial officers/bureaucrats commonly known as alcade-mayor. The alcaldes are the provincial equivalent/counterpart of the governor-general of the archipelago.The author also highlighted how the alcalde-mayor was also the judge with provincial jurisdictions and since these bureaucrats have no background in the law and having arrived in the province with questionable motives, it is therefore said that the â€Å"pr incipal vice† of province administration is the absence of â€Å"true justice†. The author emphasized that provincial administration has no direction since the system of concentration of functions is in one man and this has disadvantageously rendered the bureaucrat inefficient. This inefficiency neglect or non-performance of duties – easily turned into oppression.The alcadeship evolved into an office of abuse since there were no checks to the alcalde’s excesses and frauds. He is the judge – administrator – military commandant of the province – an action against him is futile. However, reforms were undertaken to improve the administration in the provinces. But these reforms weren’t able to bear fruit for the main reason that they were enacted too late. Discussed also were the native bureaucrats and the system of local government; the principalia which was a social and political aristocracy on the village level – the details of its participation and the conditions under which it was actually exercised.The author also described the undeniable influence or relative power of the clergy in civil and political life, them being more â€Å"unified† than the group of the bureaucrats. In Chapter 7, the author summarized the weaknesses of the Spanish colonial bureaucracy, fundamental of which was the internal moral corruption of its members made worse by the fact that the Madrid government placed its political faith not in the bureaucracy but in the church. Discussed also as the futile attempts to reform the colonial bureaucracy and the general structure of the central administration and the budgetary practices of the central government in Manila. Chapter 8 is a â€Å"discussion of the principal events and factors that shaped the new era that constituted the basis upon which the new political administration was established, and that provided the context for the new bureaucracy and the new bureaucrats. † The author discussed Aguinaldo’s action and the general features of the scheme to organize the town and provincial governments.The new institutions under the Revolutionary Government were closely patterned after the preceding scheme of the Spanish a dministration due to the lack of time for innovations, but the local authorities and institutions were now more popularly based and autonomous. Discussed also was the principal features of the Malolos Constitution of 1899 which was an admirable work of constitutionalism, considering the difficult conditions of the times and the inexperience of its authors. Ideal as it may seem, the first attempt to self-government was aborted as the Philippines was once again under a colonial regime – now in the hands of the Americans. According to the author, the American occupation of the Philippines is generally pointed out as a major phase in the evolution of modern colonial policy and colonial administration. During this time, there were increased economic activities – in agriculture, manufacturing and commerce – such that the colony enjoyed vastly improved standards of living and for the first time, the masses have a chance to escape from poverty. The author also studied the formative period, from 1900 to 1913, of the new bureaucracy.The author identified the salient features of this advanced civil service system which is in great magnitude different from that of the old Spanish system. In Chapter 9, the author focussed on the period from 1913 to 1935 in which the civil service continued to evolve and which was respected by both American authorities and Filipino officials and politicians. But the evolutionary development was unremarkable. It was a steady but rather dreary process, unmarked by ba sic structural alteration or dramatic innovation in the service itself. During this period, both houses of the lawmaking bodies were under Filipino control.This period also marked the beginning of Filipinization of the civil service. In Chapter 10, the author discussed how the Philippine Civil Service, from 1935 to 1955, passed through brief but basic evolutionary governments. First discussed was the establishment of the Philippine Commonwealth Government (November 15, 1935) which completed the gradual transfer of government functions to Filipinos. The Philippine Government was a 10-year transitional government – republican in form, Filipino in personnel and has autonomy in domestic affairs – to be superseded by the Republic of the Philippines on July 4, 1946.Further discussed were the constitutional changes and phases of which the civil service is also undergoing namely: First, the phase of consolidation and further expansion, lasting until the Japanese invasion; Second, the phase of dislocation and demoralization covering the war and ear ly postwar years; and Third, the phase of reconstruction and modernization. The author, in the last chapter, summarized the important phases in the bureaucracy in the Philippines from the pre-Spanish period to the year 1955 which was discussed in detail in the preceding chapters. Also discussed briefly were the weaknesses and characteristics of the bureaucracy.This work of Dr. Onofre Corpuz is a vital contribution to the study of Public Administration. I have but good words for this work. The topics were well-organized and clearly written. He was able to piece together different historical data and I was impressed by the historical information presented in this book and his sources which dates from early 1600’s. Because of this book, the reader will have a better background and clearer understanding of the current conditions of the bureaucracy. I hope there could be further study on the conditions of the bureaucracy, if significant change has been attained after 1955.

Analysis Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analysis Paper - Essay Example is their belief about the universe having to go through three eras, namely, creation, the present world where good and evil are mixed and the last era is the final state where the good and evil will be separated (Robinson , par 7). In the last era, it is believed that everything will be purified and those in hell will be released. This component relates to the universal needs and concerns in that the second era which is a world where the good and bad mix is very real to our existence today. This is the era where the world is now. Most people today believe that there is still another world, which Zoroastrians identify as the third era, where the good and the evil will be separated. The concept of hell as being a place where the evil men will ultimately go is one factor why people do good. Another religion which has captured my interest is Confucianism. I am impressed with the teachings of Confucius about morality and ethics. Although it can be considered more of a philosophy, Confucianism has a huge impact on the culture, politics, education and social structure in East Asia (Tucker , par 1). The Confucian values include promoting harmony amidst change. Unlike Zoroastrianism, Confucianism does not give emphasis in the afterlife. In Zoroastrianism, the afterlife is seen in their concept about a third era where everything will be purified and the good and evil will be separated. According to Confucius, afterlife is beyond human comprehension; thus, men should live in ways which are ideal to social relations instead of living based on rewards and punishment. Unlike Zoroastrianism, Confucianism gives emphasis on the life here on earth (FindYourFate , par 5). They believe though that the spirits are immortal and that they do not die with their bodies. Confucianism’s idea of creation is that it was brought about by the interaction of the Yin and the Yang which is generated by the Tao, the Great Ultimate. This is the counterpart of the first era of

Create a branding strategy for a small island destination (Phuket) Literature review

Create a branding strategy for a small island destination (Phuket) - Literature review Example (2005). A brand contains a trademark which is normally protected by law. The function of the brand is to identify the owner of the business. In most times, the consumer tends to think that the quality of a product is the same as the brand. The importance of branding helps a business to be able to market its products. Brands have a tendency to confuse people with the product itself. The most important thing in deciding for a brand is to select a good brand and also decide on how many brand s are to appear on the product line. Different decisions can be decided upon. These options include the following: A company should decide on how the brand should appear to the customers as well as the stakeholders of the business. A brand that has a long term perspective should be of bigger consideration. This is according to Varumarkesskola, 2007. Good management is very important in order to ensure that the brand is kept alive and customers as well as the stake holders. An island can take advantage of its originality by acquiring other companies and penetrating to the market according to (Bradley, 2002). The brand quickly develops from being of a local market to an international market. It thus becomes known to international market. For an island to design an international brand it has to decide on which markets to act on, accessibility of the products to the international market and whether to bring new products or to modify the existing products. Brands should be unique so that their popularity can grow faster and should be as well-being accessible. According to Ying Wong and Merrilees (2007), developments of brands on the international basis offers opportunity to exploit the economies of scale, developing global markets and pursuing of multiple market segments. However. It is important to note that, brands are not guaranteed success in the market world. Through

Not a Privilege, but a Right Essay Example for Free

Not a Privilege, but a Right Essay The times are ripe for civil disobedience. Not a full year ago was the act of defiance by the populace of Myanmar and their subsequent bloody repression displayed before the televisions around the world, sparking outrage and sympathetic demonstrations. The streets of Pakistan were also filled with protests, first against a President who would let an advocate of justice—a Supreme Court Justice—to be thrown to the jails for pursuing his conscience, and then again for the same President’s attempt to perpetuate his rule through an act of â€Å"emergency rule†. The world is now again made witness to a wave of international protests, sparked by violent protests by Tibetan secessionists and their repression by the Chinese government. Everywhere in the world, these acts of assembly and disobedience are criticized or hailed as acts of free expression based on the then-current sentiment. Many times, these same democracies that hails the voice of liberty and sound judgment and rule, condemn protests and demands for redress as â€Å"anarchistic in character† and â€Å"break the order and thus inconvenience the public†. Generally, if without the backing of any government, a protest is localized, and belittled as an act of unnecessary activism. Henry David Thoreau and Martin Luther King, Jr. , though living in different periods of history, fought under similar demeaning circumstances, and faced similar opposition from their government. They asserted that the act of civil disobedience was a God-given right granted to people to correct the fatal defects of government. Their separate acts of defiance were considered â€Å"illegitimately born†, â€Å"with malicious intent†, and â€Å"unwise and untimely†; these same categories echo now in the criticisms of our movements. For their sakes, then: what constitutes a valid exercise of the People’s will? Studying Thoreau and King’s works, that is, on the Duty of Civil Disobedience and Letter to a Birmingham Jail, respectively, we can identify two primary characters of a legitimated act of defiance: a legitimated cause and legitimated means. Legitimated Cause Why did we choose the term â€Å"legitimated† rather than â€Å"legitimate† or â€Å"lawful†, in characterizing a valid act of the people? This is due to the fact that the act of defiance, seeks as its purpose the overthrow of the unjust system of government. In Martin Luther King’s time, this was the segregation between â€Å"whites† and â€Å"blacks†, which though inherently unjust, was nevertheless valid under passage of law. If one were to require a â€Å"lawful† cause, it would bar any protest against any injustice that is protected under the mantle of law. The cause is â€Å"legitimated† not because of its opposition to any system, but because the system lost its mantle of legitimacy by its promotion of injustice. Thoreau wrote that if a system causes some injustice to be inflicted though it is merely incidental in its application, one would be unjust to apply a level of severity to attack it, for eventually the system will soon be smoothened out and these flaws corrected. If, however, the system compels one to cause injustice to another, then the system may be validly attacked. This is to say that in all governments, flaws are to be expected—in fact, the imperfection of the system of government lies within the need, at all, of a system of government. In view of this, Thoreau stressed not the need for a no-government, as he believes the people to be unprepared for this event, but at once a better government, which does not promote injustice and does not speak for the stronger few. The legitimated cause of a civil disobedience is dependent on the measure of injustice inflicted by the present system of government the act is made to oppose. King further elucidated this by expounding on St. Thomas Aquinas’ expression that an â€Å"unjust law is no law†. There are two ways by which a law is made unjust: if it is made contrary to natural and divine law, or, if in consonance to it, it is implemented as to make it unjust. A government, then, that enacts a law ordering the execution of every second son of every family violates the natural law against murder, promotes its agent to violate the same, and is consequently unjust. Likewise, if a government would inflict a severe punishment for the infidelity of a wife yet will only inflict a punitive penalty for the same committed by the husband, by virtue of its disproportionate application of justice the government would likewise be unjust. This injustice, then, must be inherent within the system, and so prevalent as to inflict the severity of oppression. If, however, the system is merely suffering â€Å"momentary lapses† of injustice that are incidental to its improper application, the system could be corrected without the use for excessive violence, and hence, disobedience. For example, a government erroneously enacts laws as to regulate traffic when in effect such traffic is worsened; this is no cause for civil disobedience. If however, the same law was enacted to provide for a path reserved for â€Å"white† people, as opposed to those of other races, then the system is inherently unjust. Legitimated Means The qualifying word â€Å"legitimated† is also as important here as it was in qualifying the proper cause. For any act of civil disobedience to a system is, by nature, unlawful; as paramount to a government’s duty is to make sure that its people will follow laws, however unjust it may seem to be. Dura lex, sed lex. The law, however harsh in its implementation, remains the law. Besides, which, it is in the government’s best interest that these laws are followed, as these inherently perpetuate their power. King opined that oppressors, in light of historical precedent, would not voluntarily give up their power. Nevertheless, the act of disobedience is legitimated in light of the injustice inflicted. As Thoreau explained, when something is stolen from a man, or injustice inflicted on him, he will not content himself with exhausting all lawful procedures provided for him by law; he will only be satisfied upon the return of the stolen item, and consequently his vindication. The two civil advocates differ only in the interpretation of the purpose of legitimated means: Henry David Thoreau, believing fully that the State is unjust from its inception, considers his act (in this case, the non-payment of a poll tax) as one of exclusion; he will not be part of a system that promotes injustice, in this context the propagation of slavery and the aggression inflicted on the Mexican War. King, however, considers this act of civil disobedience as an act of inclusion, and recognizes its unlawful nature and is willing to suffer its consequences. In this act, however, he hopes to unmask the oppressiveness of the system and its persecution of the advocates of equality and free expression. This distinction is further substantiated in King’s denunciation of two other camps: one that would do nothing in the face of oppression, and another that would set itself against the State and employ violent action. A proper legitimated means is one that will exhaust methods of petition provided by the State, and, having been refused, act in defiance of the system in order to promote tension and force the State to negotiate. This formula of defiance has been employed by the likes of Nelson Mandela, Mohandas Gandhi and Aung San Suu Kyi. Conclusion: Not a Choice, but an Obligation. A final word remains of civil disobedience: Thoreau warns that those who do not stand in opposition to a system that promotes injustice will necessarily aid it, and participate in it. This is the concept of collective guilt—the nation is naturally responsible for excesses inflicted upon it by the government, in their silent acquiescence to its measures. Those criticizing the untimeliness and impropriety of civil disobedience can well be reminded King’s remarks that a revolution, and an act of civil rights will never be timely, and will never be proper in the eyes of the oppressive government. Those who passively let their rights be trampled upon are equally guilty of the oppression inflicted on them. This is a harsh truth, but it remains the truth: the State will not provide for an individual who â€Å"sleeps on his rights†. So long as the people are deficient in fighting for their cause, the State will, by virtue of the previous maxim, take what it can in the name of the few and escape with impunity.

Freeport, Bahamas :: essays research papers

For those who like to relax, fish, water sports like snorkeling and jet skiing, I have the perfect place- Freeport, Bahamas is divided into sections that represent different parts of the world, each with its own collection of shops and restaurants. Blessed with the perfect location, less than 100 miles off the coast of Florida; the perfect climate, averaging a little over 75 degrees; and the perfect environment, with crystal clear turquoise blue waters and pearly white sandy beaches. Because the weather is warm all year, makes Freeport a great spot for tourism. I went there for spring break to get away from the cold weather of Chicago. I could not imagine at the time how relaxing a place could be. I received an invitation to go from my girlfriend, she told me that her cousin family had a time share there and invited her along and told her she could invite someone of her own. The Florida natives call these tourists "Snowbird" or "blue-hairs." Th ese tourists really do earn these unsavory titles because they all drive five miles an hour. This makes the locals crazy. After the snowbirds leave, all of the summer tourists arrive. These are usually families driving mini-vans with ten bratty kids wh o are all out of school for the summer. Just imagine that you are sitting on the beach, smelling the salt air, and feeling the cool breeze. The sun is slowly melting into the ocean and the sky is the shade of bright purple that can only be seen at dusk. It has been a long, hot day in the sun, and it feels nice to finally let it end. This is what living in Freeport, Bahamas is all about. The resort has only two chalets, each one situated on one side of the lake. There are many tow-days contests taking place here. The participants are from many different countries and they come here to have fun and do what they like and know best: extreme ski and snowboard. Snowboard is relatively a new extreme sport in Romania, but there already are many kids who practice it. Parties where everyone is having a good time and creating a friendly atmosphere, one would say specific to this place follow the contests. The party lasts till late in the night, when a peaceful silence covers the mountains.

The Labor Orgnizations

I intend to explain in great detail the major issues relative to the unionization process, the act, which governs, and the independent agency, which polices it. I will also show what organizations do to make it difficult to implement the process relative to unfair practices. The NLRA (National Labor Relations Act) was enacted by Congress in 1935. It has the power to regulate interstate commerce and to govern the employer/employee bargaining and union relationship on a national level. The NLRA was amended by the Labor Management Relations (Taft-Hartley) Act in 1947 and the Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure (Landrum-Griffen) Act in 1959. Most employers and employees involved in businesses that affect interstate commerce in any way are regulated by the act. The NLRA gives employees the right to determine for themselves whether they wish to be represented by a union. If the majority of the employees in an appropriate bargaining unit indicate that they support a union a certification of representative is issued. Generally, this designation or †showing of interest† contains a statement that the employees want to be represented for collective bargaining purposes by a specific labor organization. The showing of interest must be signed by each employee and each employee's signature must be dated. These elections are conducted under laboratory conditions to ensure that the election represents the free choice of the employees. Violation of the laboratory conditions, or of the 24-hour silent period rules may result in the NLRB invalidating the election results. The twenty-four-hour silent period is intended to give the employees time to reflect upon their choice free from electioneering pressures. The NLRB (National Labor Relations Board) is an independent federal agency established to enforce the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA). As an independent agency, they are not part of any other government agency such as the Department of Labor. Congress has empowered the NLRB to conduct secret-ballot elections so employees may exercise a free choice whether a union should represent them for bargaining purposes. A secret-ballot election will be conducted only when a petition requesting an election is filed. Although representation elections conducted by the NLRB are the most common means through which unions acquire representation rights, an employer may also voluntarily recognize a union as bargaining representative for a group of employees when the union demonstrates majority support. This can happen provided that the employer has no reasonable doubt of the employees' preference and that recognition is not granted for the purpose of assisting one particular union at the expense of another seeking to represent the same employees. A bargaining unit is 4a group of two or more employees who share a †community of interest† and may reasonably be grouped together for collective bargaining purposes. The NLRB is responsible for ensuring that any election in a representation case is conducted in an appropriate unit. A unit is usually described by the type of work done or jobs classification of employees for example, production and maintenance employees or truckdrivers. In some cases, the number of facilities to be included in a bargaining unit is at issue, and the number of locations to be involved may describe a unit. For example, in the retail industry, the NLRB may need to determine whether employees at a single store or whether a bargaining unit consisting of several stores is appropriate. Generally, the appropriateness of a bargaining unit is determined on the basis of the community of interest of the employees involved. Union or employees may file a petition for a decertification election. This petition, which can be filed by anyone seeking an election to determine whether the authority of a union to act as a bargaining representative of employees should continue. The signatures of 30 percent or more of the employees in the bargaining unit represented must support it. These signatures may be on separate cards or on a single piece of paper. Generally, this showing of interest contains a statement that the employees do not wish to be represented for collective-bargaining purposes by the existing labor organization. Each employee must sign the showing of interest and each employee's signature must be dated. When a petition is filed, the NLRB will determine whether the contract bar rule precludes holding an election. If it doesn't the NLRB must then determine an appropriate bargaining unit. The contract bar rule is a written labor contract, which bars an election during the life of the bargaining agreement. Unions may also acquire representation rights through unfair labor practice proceedings. The NLRB may issue a bargaining order when the effect of unfair labor practices by employers prevents a fair election from being held. The unionization process is not always welcome by employers and sometimes-illegal activity will go on to make it difficult to implement the process. Section 8 of the NLRA outlines specific behavior, which is unacceptable for employers. Cornell and Harvard Universities did research on employer coercion, harassment and firings, due to union campaigns, these findings were:  § One in four employers fires workers who are active in union campaigns-in all, it's estimated that at least 10,000 workers are fired each year for exercising the freedom to join a union.  § Ninety-one percent of employers, when faced with employees who want to join together in a union force employees to attend closed-door meetings to hear anti-union propaganda. 80 percent require immediate supervisors to attend training sessions on how to attack unions; and 79 percent have supervisors deliver anti-union messages to workers they oversee.  § Eighty percent hire outside consultants to run anti-union campaigns, often based on mass psychology and distorting the law.  § Half of employers threaten to shut down if employees join together in a union. Martin Jay Levitt, who had been among the fiercest hired guns brought in to fight organizing campaigns, said there were more than 7,000 attorneys and consultants who made their living busting unions. All told, the union busting industry had grown more than a billion dollars a year. Levitt, who planned and ran more than 250 union-busting campaigns across the country before renouncing the profession, described in detail the manipulation, dirty-tricks, abuse of the law and disregard for lives that are all part of a corporate campaign against a union drive. â€Å"Some corporate executives I encountered liked to think of their anti-union consultants as generals. But really the consultants are terrorists. Like political terrorists, the consultants' attacks are intensely personal,† he wrote. â€Å"Terrorists do not make factories and air strips their victims; they choose instead crippled old men and school children. Likewise, as the consultants go about the business of destroying unions, they invade people's lives, demolish their friendships, crush their will and shatter their families.† Levitt's standard operating procedures not only included investigating police records, personnel files, medical records and the family lives of union proponents to find a way to discredit them, but in the absence of any good ammunition he would simply concoct something to do the job. â€Å"To fell the sturdiest union supporters in the 1970s, I frequently launched rumors that the target worker was gay or was cheating on his wife,† he wrote. â€Å"It was a very effective technique, particularly in blue-collar towns.† Sharon Fisher's voice quivers when she talks about it. Ed Platt gets angry still. Ron Heller was shocked when the police looked the other way. Debbie Shallenburger says it's un-American, what happened to the hard-working citizens of her community. It's been a year since UAW members recessed their 17-month strike at Caterpillar plants in three states. But in and around East Peoria, Illinois, home of Caterpillar's corporate offices, Local 974 members and spouses still talk about the gang of thugs who brought terror to their quiet communities. They would cruise up and down the streets of Peoria, East Peoria, and suburbs like Washington, Pekin, and Metamora, often parking in front of the homes of UAW members. They would videotape family members in front of their own homes, at restaurants and stores, while they were driving. They learned the names of children, and called to them by their first names. They even left a flashlight inside the locked car of one worker's daughter, just to show that they had been there. It was all part of a huge intimidation campaign, and it got even rougher on the picket line where gang members assaulted women, provoked men to fight back, and used videotape to get workers fired. When they went to the local police for help, they were treated like criminals. Later they learned that the state police were against them, too. Who are these goons who roamed the streets of working class neighborhoods, protected by the law while terrorizing decent, law-abiding people? They're employees of Vance International–the same gang of thugs hired to clamp down on coal miners in West Virginia, schoolteachers in Cleveland, aerospace workers in St. Louis, and, today, newspaper workers in Detroit. When spying and provocation aren't enough, Vance's APT goons resort to violence like the assault that has left Detroit newspaper striker Vito Sciuto permanently scarred and still suffering violent seizures more than a year after brain surgery. Sciuto, a mailer, was smashed in the skull with a heavy piece of wood when 20 APT thugs formed a tight V-shaped wedge and marched out of a distribution center gate into a circle of peaceful pickets. The goal that night, a Vance employee told a reporter, was â€Å"to hurt people.† Detroit police watched the Vance riot, but no arrests were made. I feel once again that I have thoroughly covered the questions given. I put quite a bit of time into researching each part of the question. I was appalled at a lot of the information that I read, especially at Caterpillar and in Detroit. The examples I chose were the best out of many, which I had found. I really got into this essay and I hope you enjoy reading it as much as I did writing it. (Seriously)

ICT in U.K. Education Essay

Information and communication technologies are changing the life styles of human beings and the activities of organizations and individuals that depend on information. ICT stands for Information Communications Technology. ICT coordinates the individuals, businesses and organizations by using the digital technology. ICT is highly adopted by many government organizations it the areas like community services and educational programs. The richness of innovative technology for learning process made the system to be adopted by various government organizations in different countries by for their developmental programs. The quick development in information and communication technology (ICT) has significant changes in the way the world operates and communicates. This has an impact on educational needs, both in terms of the comfort and the delivery of educational services. Overview of ICT activities in UK Education sector According to BECTA (the British Educational Communications and Technology Agency, December 2006) the ICT has made a good achievements in education of U. K. The U. K government has invested more than ? 3. 5 billion to create an infrastructure for ICT in the schools of England from the year of 1998. By adopting ICT technology, the UK schools have developed online curriculum through multimedia based teaching and learning programs. The Infra structure in U. K schools was increased to facilitate computer based teaching programs. The pupil to computer access ratio is 1:6 in primary schools and in 1:3 in secondary schools. The internet is accessed by 99% of schools in U. K. In that 97% of primary schools and 99% of secondary schools are connected to the broadband network. The U. K government has implemented single educational network to facilitate the broadband connection to every school in the country. The broadband connection is accessed by 16 million of users in education system and with the use of ICT, 350000 of U. K teachers were saving time in regular teaching administration activities. In U. K, every school has interactive white board and every day, one million primary school children are using the e-learning process in class (according to the DfES) PURPOSE OF STUDY The scope of the current study The current study focuses on the leadership and management strategies in implementing the ICT in education of U. K context. Vision towards ICT Becta has the following vision for the implementation of ICT The engaged school – ICT supports both ‘formal’ and ‘informal’ learning by breaking down the barriers within the school and between the school and the community it serves. The extended school – ICT extends the School services to society by offering the facilities like health, leisure and recreation by adopting ‘open all hours’ philosophy. The expanded school – ICT learning process allows cross-organizational, collaborative models to facilitate new ways of learning. Purpose in implementing ICT Jagdish Rai analysed 3 types of purposes for the education institutes in adopting ICT 1. ICT for courses: To Acquire and absorb flexible learning & Access to web resources, CAL, Multimedia , databases that give presentation and animation 2. ICT for learning: To apply and extend productivity & analytical tools,; evaluate through computer based tests; sharing and creating knowledge through computer and video games. 3. ICT for Admin: For information handling, Student administration, course evaluation

Special Ed. in Japan essays

Special Ed. in Japan essays I am a human being even though I cry a lot. I want to become strong and walk. -Koji Kanai (12 year old mentally disabled girl) The beginning of the modern era of schooling in Japan came about in mid way through the 19th century. The first changes came along with the Meiji Restoration in 1868. This is the time schooling was opened to every member of society, regardless of class, family status, etc.; as said in the Decree of Encouragement of Learning(1872): From this time onward, everyone irrespective of class origins such as nobility, military, farmer, artisan, or merchant, and irrespective of ones sex, ought to learn, so that there should be no family without learning throughout the village and no person without learning in the family... While education at advanced levels was still very expensive at this period in time, the Second World War brought about new changes in the educational system. The second big change in Japanese education was the reform under the policies of the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers. This new system was modeled after the American system, while the old British-type system was removed. This new system consisted of a 6-3-3-4 arrangement of schools. Students spent six years in elementary school, three in junior high school, three in high school and four at a higher education facility. While the Japanese arrangement of schools was modeled after out own, the pressure to perform academically differs greatly. Gambaru (persistence) is the key element to the Japanese student. Gambaru is not just a saying students live by, but is an entire theory of learning; it is used among members of a group to encourage each other in cooperative activities. While Americans place the emphasis on IQ, intelligence, and talent, Japanese professors see IQ scores of no importance. They view the comparison of IQ score as irrelevant and do not label anyone...

MGMT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

MGMT - Essay Example As a result, the company has been successful in satisfying large set of targeted customer groups. Innovative designs make Apple Incorporation unique thus giving it an immense competitive advantage over its competitors (Ireland, Hoskisson, & Hitt, 2008). The availability of strong marketing teams is another core competency for apple Incorporation. These teams are composed of highly qualified and most competent marketing professionals. Spread all around the globe, the marketing teams play a very important role in raising the company’s customer base thus creating a great competitive edge. Strong financial performance is also a core competency for apple incorporation. Apple is a company that is very strong financially. Between 2003 and 2008 apple Incorporation tripled its sales revenue from $24million to $3.4 billion. Thus, the company is able to r pay large amounts of money to the most qualified professionals (Ireland, Hoskisson, & Hitt, 2008). Lastly but not least, availability of a very strong brand reputation for its products is a key core competency for Apple. Its products include iPhone, iMac, iPod and Mac hardware and software. The products have enhanced features and colors, which make them more appealing. In addition, the ability to produce music, video and electronic records in the devices have helped Apple in gaining valuable recognition of its brand (Ireland, Hoskisson, & Hitt,

Business Law - The Four Step Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business Law - The Four Step Process - Essay Example Consideration is anything that is given in exchange for the promise that is received. STEP TWO There are three main requirements for the formation of a legally enforceable contract including intention to enter into a legally binding agreement, agreement (offer and acceptance) and consideration (without giving note to the value of consideration). Firstly, regarding communication, as a general rule, the acceptance would take effect only after it has received by the offeror in this case Peter. Here since the system of sending and receiving messages is instantaneous, as soon as the message is received by the offeror, acceptance takes place. However, it should be received by Peter in his email system. This was a rule proposed by the case Brinkibon Ltd v Sthalwharenhandelsgesellschaft [1983] 2 AC 34; [1982] 1 All ER 293 (Beatrix 2005). The acceptance cannot be considered to be accepted unless it is properly communicated and in this case, once the message is in the inbox of the offeror†™s email, the acceptance would be activated. Further in this case, the acceptance had to ensure by the conduct of Sally, mainly by posting the bike immediately, as requested by Peter. The acceptance was received before the proposed due time suggested by Peter. Regarding the intention to enter into the contract, the same is usually decided objectively by the courts. Here it would be important to see if a reasonable person placed in Peter’s shoes would regard the agreement as binding. Two factors that would ensure that the contract is legally binding is that since it should occur between non-related persons where greater importance is given to ensuring a formal nature of the agreement, and secondly since all the discussions are in writing, there are better chances of getting the contract legally enforced. Another legal issue is regarding consideration, which is also an important factor after offer/agreement and intention. Only if there is an offer, which is agreed and intenti on of the parties to enter into a legally binding agreement along with a consideration, would it be considered a valid contract. Consideration is anything that has value and is given as an exchange for fulfilling the promise and courts would not look at the value of the consideration. To ensure that the contract is legally binding, a valid consideration should be present. This was demonstrated in the case Thomas v Thomas (1842) QB 851 (Lawnix 2012), where the court decided not to go into looking at the adequacy of the consideration. STEP THREE As proposed in the case Brinkibon Ltd v Sthalwharenhandelsgesellschaft [1983] 2 AC 34; [1982] 1 All ER 293 (Beatrix 2005), once the message of acceptance has been communicated to Peter and the message reaches Peter’s system within the time the offer would be available, the same is considered as accepted. Hence, since the message reaches Peter’s system by 4:45 pm before the close of business day, the contract is active and is lega lly binding on Peter, who has to accept it. He has certain liabilities and has to pay the consideration. According to the legal systems, email communication is considered as an instantaneous mean of communication and the rules are not clear, but would be similar to the laws that exist for fax communication, since both are sending and received instantaneously. However, the message has to be received